About MDI
Multiple Document Interface (MDI) is
an application style you can use to open multiple windows (called sheets)
in a single window and move among the sheets. To build an MDI application,
you define a window whose type is MDI Frame and open other windows
as sheets within the frame.
Most large-scale Windows applications are MDI applications.
For example, PowerBuilder is an MDI application: the PowerBuilder window is
the frame and the painters are the sheets.
If you expect your users to want to open several windows and
easily move from window to window, you should make your application
an MDI application.
Using the Template Application feature When you create a new application, you can select the Template
Application Start wizard and then choose to create an SDI or MDI
application. If you select MDI application, PowerBuilder generates
the shell of an MDI application that includes an MDI frame (complete
with window functions that do such things as open or close a sheet),
a sheet manager object and several sheets, an About dialog box,
menus, toolbars, and scripts.
MDI frame windows
An MDI frame window is a window with several parts: a menu
bar, a frame, a client area, sheets, and (usually) a status area,
which can display MicroHelp (a short description
of the current menu item or current activity).
The frame
The MDI frame is the outside area of the MDI window that contains
the client area. There are two types of MDI frames:
- Standard
- Custom
Standard frames A standard MDI frame window has a menu bar and (usually) a
status area for displaying MicroHelp. The client area is empty, except
when sheets are open. Sheets can have their own menus, or they can inherit
their menus from the MDI frame. Menu bars in MDI applications always
display in the frame, never in a sheet. The menu bar typically has
an item that lists all open sheets and lets the user tile, cascade,
or layer the open sheets.
Custom frames Like a standard frame, a custom frame window usually has a
menu bar and a status area. The difference between standard and
custom frames is in the client area: in standard frames, the client
area contains only open sheets; in custom frames, the client area
contains the open sheets as well as other objects, such as buttons
and StaticText. For example, you might want to add a set of buttons
with some explanatory text in the client area.
Client area
In a standard frame window, PowerBuilder sizes the client area
automatically and the open sheets display within the client area.
In custom frame windows containing objects in the client area, you
must size the client area yourself. If you do not size the client
area, the sheets will open, but may not be visible.
The MDI_1 control When you build an MDI frame window, PowerBuilder creates a control
named MDI_1, which it uses to identify
the client area of the frame window. In standard frames, PowerBuilder manages MDI_1 automatically.
In custom frames, you write a script for the frame’s Resize
event to size MDI_1 appropriately.
Displaying information about MDI_1 You can see the properties and functions for MDI_1 in
the Browser. Create a window of type MDI and select the Window tab
in the Browser. Select the MDI frame window and select Expand All
from the pop-up menu. MDI_1 is listed
as a window control, and you can examine its properties, functions,
and so forth in the right pane of the Browser.
MDI sheets
Sheets are windows that can be opened in the client area of
an MDI frame. You can use any type of window except an MDI frame
as a sheet in an MDI application. To open a sheet, use either the OpenSheet or OpenSheetWithParm function.
Toolbars
Often you want to provide a toolbar for users of an MDI application.
You can have PowerBuilder automatically create and manage a toolbar
that is based on the current menu, or you can create your own custom
toolbar (generally as a user object) and size the client area yourself.
For more information on providing a toolbar,
see “Providing toolbars “.
For more information on sizing the client area, see “Sizing the client
area “.